Passions — a blog

Too Much Sun

Tree Pattern

I was in Seattle earlier this week and stopped by the Washington Park Arboretum to see what I could find. It was what most people would call a glorious day, full sun under a brilliant blue sky and pleasant temperatures. Fall color hadn’t started happening yet and very little was in bloom. In short, the conditions were less than prime for my kind of photography.

I wandered down to the end where they’re constructing the new Pacific Rim Connections garden, which still had a fence around it and wasn’t open yet. But across the road I was struck by the pattern of the shadows a large Madrona tree was casting on the lawn. That’s not the picture here, but it’s what got me started down a different path that day.  I made several images of the shadows on the grass, then headed up Azalea Way back toward my truck.

Along the way I noticed the light coming through the leaves of a large tree. When I aimed my camera the lens was set for a much closer distance and I saw something similar to the photo here — just a soft pattern of branches and greens. I experimented with several variations of focus and aperture. This is the one I liked best out of the bunch.

It seemed odd to use one of my sharpest lenses to shoot a totally out-of-focus photo, but that’s what I did. Sometimes I have to remember to play and not to get hung up on what’s “right” and what’s “wrong” in photography. Thanks, David for reminding me of that a few days earlier.

Roadside Weeds

I’ve been out bicycling a lot of miles around Whatcom County this year. While it’s mostly a speed thing challenging myself to see how fast I can go, I’m also observing what’s in bloom along the side of the road. It changes every few weeks, although there are few flowers, like Queen Ann’s Lace, that stay in bloom for a long time.

Japanese KnotweedRight now the showiest plant in bloom is one of our nasty invasive weeds, Japanese Knotweed (Polygonum cuspidatum). There’s some question about the taxonomy, so what we have may well be Bohemian Knotweed (Polygonum × bohemicum), a hybrid species. Regardless, it’s a tall showy plant with drooping panicles of white flowers that forms large masses at the side of the road.  It prefers moist places like ditches and streambanks and spreads by underground rhizomes. It’s very difficult to eradicate as any tiny bit of root will start a new plant and spraying common herbicides seem to only slow it down. The preferred method of attack is to inject herbicide directly into the stems, which is very labor intensive.

I’ve noticed that along some of the county roads it has been mown down, which might help keep it in check. At least seeds won’t set and spread the plant that way. Last winter the plants that hadn’t been cut drooped over onto the shoulder and partially blocked the way along one of the busier parts of one of my regular routes.

Japanese Knotweed is an example of a plant that was originally introduced as a garden specimen and got away. For more information about it and the other big knotweeds see this page from the Whatcom County Noxious Weed Board.

Common ToadflaxAnother pretty roadside weed, not nearly as widespread around here, is Common Toadflax (Linaria vulgaris). It’s only a foot or so tall and covered with attractive yellow flowers. I saw a patch of it along Slater Road near the railroad tracks yesterday. It’s not on the Washington noxious weed list, but its cousin Dalmatian Toadflax is.

Of course, not everything blooming along the road is a weed. I also saw quite a bit of the fall-blooming Pacific Asters on my rides this past weekend. My long ride was a loop out Mt. Baker Highway, down Mosquito Lake Road to Acme, down to Park Road and over to Lake Whatcom, then south past Cain Lake to Alger, and home by way of Lake Samish and Lake Padden. You can see the route on Map My Ride.

Elmer’s Ragwort

Yesterday morning I took a break from captioning and stepped out in our side yard.  Mt. Baker was visible and the clouds looked like they might stay away, or form nice photogenic framing for the mountains. So I bagged office work, packed a lunch, and headed up the road to Artist Point and the trail to Ptarmigan Ridge.

By the time I got there, the clouds were covering the summit of both Mt. Shuksan and Mt. Baker, but I still thought there were some good possibilities for later in the afternoon.  It was about 1 pm when I hit the trail out around Table Mountain. I ran into a couple of friends along the trail, both of whom were on their way back from shorter hikes than I planned. Marie pointed out the wonderful fragrance of the masses of Nelson’s Brook Saxifrage along the numerous snowmelt streams crossing the Ptarmigan Ridge trail. This was one of four or five species of saxifrage along the trail.

Senecio elmeriThe farther out the trail I went the cloudier it got, so mountain vistas were out of the question. I crossed a few short snow patches without taking my ice axe off my pack. Then rounding a corner in the rather barren rocky and gravelly alpine habitat I spied several clumps of bright golden flowers at my feet. I could tell at a glance that they were Senecio, but I didn’t recognize the species.  I pulled out my plant list for the trail and the one book I carried, Mountain Plants of the Pacific Northwest by Ron Taylor and George Douglas, and turned to the ragworts. There was my plant, Senecio elmeri, which was new to me.

Elmer’s Ragwort isn’t rare, but it only occurs in a few counties of northwest Washington and in parts of British Columbia. Ragworts certainly aren’t my favorite flowers, but this one was rather nice. It was growing on very gravelly soil (is there really any soil under all that gravel) and as is typical for plants in that habitat the clumps were well spaced. According to University of Washington Herbarium records it’s been collected several places within a few miles of where I found it blooming.

I continued hiking out the trail until my self-imposed turnaround time of 4:30.  I didn’t make it to the end, where the trail meets one of the glaciers coming off Mt. Baker.  I didn’t have time to hike down to an unnamed lake that looked interesting, either. Such is the hazard of getting a late start. I made it back to my truck by about 7 pm, with a good 45 minutes to spare before darkness. Even though I didn’t get the shots I wanted it was a good day.

Opposites

Mountain Arnica and LupineColors on the opposite side of the color wheel make great contrasting combinations, like this Mountain Arnica (Arnica latifolia) blossom set against Broadleaf Lupine (Lupinus latifolius). This pair also shows a contrast between the radially symmetrical ray flowers of the Arnica and the pea flowers of the Lupine. Spiky vs. rounded. Sharp foreground vs. soft-focus background.

The Arnica and Lupine combination is prevalent mid-summer in the subalpine meadows of the North Cascades. Pretty much every meadow will have at least some patches of these two, in various combinations. This pair was photographed in the shade along the Skyline Divide Trail on August 15. On a clear day there are spectacular vistas of Mount Baker from Skyline. On this particular day the sky was hazy bright so it photographed nearly white, which isn’t very appealing. I shot the cover of Wildflowers of the Pacific Northwest from Skyline a few years ago.

This photo was made with a 100mm macro lens set at f/4 to keep the background soft. I also shot variations at f/5.6 and f/8, but like this softer version best. I don’t often like to line everything up in the center of the frame, but here the subject is very symmetrical and the main focal point is below center so I think there’s a nice balance to the frame.
We’ve had so many cloudy days this August and into September that I may not get back to Skyline while there are still flowers blooming. Maybe I’ll get up there for fall foliage.

Rainy Summer

Olympic Alpine Meadow in the Rain

I used to joke with friends from the dry side of the mountains that it stops raining on July 7 and stays dry through most of September in Bellingham, the North Cascades, and the Olympics.  Well, not this year.  It’s been one of the coolest and wettest summers I can remember. The photo was made near the summit of Mount Townsend in the Buckhorn Wildnerness of Olympic National Forest in late July. It was pouring rain mid-day, and continued for most of the afternoon. And this is on the dry side of the Olympics.

Olympic MilkvetchThose of us who live on the wet west side of the Cascades learned quickly that if we stay home because it’s raining we’ll never get out and do anything. That doesn’t mean it’s more fun to go out in the rain, just that it’s a fact of life. The hike to Mount Townsend was a Botany Washington field trip to see the diverse alpine flora, including the rare and endemic Olympic Milkvetch (Astragalus cottonii). We found it before the rain started, but glistening with dew drops from the cloud that enveloped us. This was the first time I’d seen this species in bloom, although I’d seen its very showy inflated seedpods a few years ago on another Olympic hike.

While rainy days are challenging for photography in some ways, the soft light really opens up the shadows and makes it possible to capture every detail. Colors are rich and saturated and everything glistens with the raindrops. It helps when the rain comes down very softly and without any wind.

I use a cheap plastic camera cover when working in the rain.  It cinches down around the lens hood and has a small hole to go around the viewfinder. While it doesn’t keep the camera completely dry it helps a lot. I have to remember to check the lens frequently for water droplets, which create big soft spots.  That can be a nice effect if it’s deliberate, but more often I just miss seeing them through the viewfinder and find out later that I had a problem.

When we got off the trail I set all my gear out to dry overnight, spreading it around my host’s living room. Come morning there was still a lot of dampness, but the sun had returned. I headed back up to the mountains and started shooting again. Soon I thought everything looked fuzzy. I checked the lens and discovered that there was condensation inside. I switched lenses and set the damp one in the sun to dry out, which it did in fairly short order. I’d had that happen before and have never noticed any long-term problems.

Soft Background with a P&S

Most of the time I’m photographing with a big and heavy digital SLR.  The quality is incredible and I love the results.  But it’s a heavy thing to lug around.  Sometimes it’s fun to go light and just carry a pocket digital camera.  In my case, it’s a Canon S70 that I bought in 2005.

Fairy Wands Seeds There are some things that the little camera does very well and others that are more challenging. This shot, of Fairy Wands seeds, is one of those things that’s more difficult to do with a pocket camera for a couple of reasons. First, it focuses closest at the widest setting of the zoom lens. Second, the sensor is pretty small. Both factors generally lead to great depth of field so blurring the background is hard to do.

For this shot, I used the manual focus mode and set it for as close as it would focus, which is only 2-3 inches from the front of the lens. I used aperture priority and set it for f/5, about the middle of the range. Then I moved in until the seedpods looked sharp on the LCD on the back of the camera. Since I was moving and the wind was blowing the seeds around I shot a bunch of frames to get a good one. I find it very hard to confirm sharp focus with the LCD. At least today it was cloudy so the display was more visible.

The photo was made at the Bellevue Botanical Garden perennial border.

Oregon Cascades

Posted on by

Davidson’s Penstemon on Black ButteI spent the last week, from July 7 to 14, photographing gardens in Bend, Oregon and wildflowers in the Western Cascades. It was a very productive 8 days with repeat visits to some gardens I’d photographed last August and several new gardens that I’d been told about since then. On the days I was shooting gardens I started work at 5:30 am to take advantage of the soft early morning light before the sun rose above the trees. I took a mid-day break for breakfast and scouting locations, and then worked from about 5:30 pm until nearly dark. After returning to the place I was staying I had to copy all the day’s work over to my computer and back it up, so I didn’t get to bed until after 11 pm most days. That made for very long work days.

On Thursday I didn’t have more gardens to scout so I drove west to Black Butte and hiked to the top to see what was blooming. The photo here was made from the summit, with Penstemon davidsonii (Davidson’s Penstemon) nestled among the volcanic rocks and Mount Jefferson in the background. The view from the top of the butte is spectacular, with the three Sisters, Mt. Washington, Mt. Jefferson, Mt. Hood, and Mt. Adams all visible on a clear day. I photographed a number of wildflowers on the 4-mile hike, including two species that were new to me. One is a regional endemic, Penstemon peckii, that was fairly common along the trail. The other is a member of the nightshade family that I spied while sitting down to key out a lupine. I’d never heard of Leucophysalis nana, Dwarf Chamaesaracha, but recognized the flower as being characteristic of nightshades and was able to key it out under the former name Chamaesaracha nana. I’ve seen and photographed a lot of flowers so it’s always exciting to find something new.

Over the weekend I participated in the Native Plant Society of Oregon annual meeting in Eugene. We visited the native plant nursery at Mount Pisgah Arboretum on Friday afternoon, botanized on the trail to Moon Point on Saturday, and on Patterson Mountain on Sunday. Monday I stopped for a full day of hiking and photography on Iron Mountain.

It’s going to take several days of office work to get everything captioned and uploaded so people can see the images. But that’s going to have to wait as I prepare to head east to Christina Lake, BC for another garden shoot on Friday.

Summer in our Garden

Posted on by

Summer Garden Fireworks

Our front yard garden put on its own fireworks display on July 4 with a riot of color and lush blooms spilling out over the sidewalk. We get a lot of foot traffic by our house, and the view of our garden above is part of what we share with our neighbors. While we aim to have something in bloom most of the year, early summer is definitely one of the peak periods.

I head out today for Bend, Oregon to visit and photograph gardens there for the East of the Rain, West of the Cold book for east-side gardeners. My contact list includes 25 gardeners so it’s going to be a busy week. That’s to be followed by a full weekend of botanizing with the Native Plant Society of Oregon around Eugene.

South Lopez Island

Posted on by

A couple of days ago I went out to Lopez Island with a couple of friends to see what might be blooming on the open rocky bluffs along the shore at the south end of the island. There are a couple of public parcels managed by BLM, Iceberg Point and Point Colville.
Puget Sound Gumweed at Point Colville
We went to Point Colville, where there’s a trail through the forest from the road down to the bluffs. The woods are fairly mature second-growth Douglas-fir with a little Sitka Spruce. Woodland Tarweed and Twinflower were blooming profusely along the way. It’s not a long walk, and the area doesn’t get a lot of use. The photo is of a clump of Grindelia integrifolia, Puget Sound Gumweed perched on the edge of a bluff with Castle Island peeking through the morning fog in the background. We were blessed with this nice soft light filtered through thin clouds and coastal fog for most of the day.

The San Juan Islands are in the rain shadow of the Olympic Mountains so they are quite dry. It was warm and hadn’t rained for some time when we visited so the meadows were crispy with maturing grasses when they weren’t carpeted with the rather fragile Reindeer Lichens (mostly Cladonia portentosa ssp. pacifica). The most interesting plants were blooming in cracks in the rocks where their roots could reach down to cooler soil and little pockets of moisture. In addition to large quantities of Gumweed, I found a few nice clumps of Scotch Bluebells, a mass of Yerba Buena, and lots of Nootka Roses in their prime. The roses were growing mostly in deeper soil, often where they were a little bit protected by Douglas-firs.

We spent all day at Point Colville, never making it down to Iceberg. My friends were concentrating on the lichens while I sought out the flowering plants. I had hoped to find Opuntia fragilis which is on the island, but apparently not at Point Colville. My Pacific Northwest Wildflowers website has two galleries for the day — one for the wildflowers and another for the lichens. Browse the photos for July 2, 2008 to see them.

Prickly Pears

Posted on by

One of the plants on my list to find and photograph has been Opuntia fragilis, fragile prickly pear cactus, which grows on both sides of the Cascades in Washington and other places in the Northwest. I’d seen it, or at least thought I had, in a couple of places but never found it in bloom until this month.

Opuntia columbiana

I say I thought I’d seen fragile prickly pear because that’s how a bunch of it in Yakima Canyon keyed out in Flora of the Pacific Northwest. The photograph above is from the Umtanum Recreation Site about halfway between Ellensburg and Yakima where the cactus grows next to the campground. However, I’ve since learned that these plants are actually Opuntia columbiana, grizzleybear prickly pear. The pads are flatter than O. fragilis and some authors say it’s a hybrid species. Others write it as Opuntia x columbiana, indicating that it’s a proposed species. Still others call it O. erinacea var. columbiana. No wonder I was confused. I found a web Primer on Washington Native Cacti that helps to sort them out. See more photos of the Yakima Canyon cactus on my Kittitas County June 19 page on the Pacific Northwest Wildflowers website.

Since my photos from Yakima Canyon weren’t what I thought they were, I headed out again yesterday afternoon in search of the real thing. I went to Ebey’s Landing National Historical Reserve near Coupeville on Whidbey Island armed with GPS coordinates interpolated from WTU Herbarium botanical foray records from 2004. The species is somewhat rare, classified in Washington as a species of concern, so exact locations aren’t published. I had looked for O. fragilis at Ebey last month and didn’t find it, but this time I located it where I’d seen it several years ago just above the logs at the back of the beach. The specimen didn’t look very healthy and wasn’t in bloom. Since the steep sandy slope is somewhat eroding, although held in place by grasses and other plants, I thought there must be more plants straight up the hill.

Opuntia fragilis

I left my pack and tripod on the beach and headed up, keeping a sharp lookout for cactus, especially for the showy yellow flowers. This photo is from the first clump I found, about 50 feet above the beach. Notice how fat and rounded the pads are. O. fragilis doesn’t form very large clumps and they aren’t very tall, so the browning grasses on the hillside kept the cactus mounds rather well hidden. As I looked up the hill I spotted several more cacti in bloom. At that point I returned to the beach for my camera pack and tripod and went to work.

When I find a plant of interest I try to photograph it from several angles, showing foliage (or pads in the case of cacti), flowers, details, and a habitat view. I used three different lenses on this plant — a 90 tilt-shift, 24-105 for wide views, and a 100 macro. An overcast sky made nice soft light, but the habitat view wasn’t as interesting as if the sky were clear and the water reflecting blue. See the whole set on my Ebey’s Landing page.

I also found other plants I associate more with the dry east side of the mountains, including tapertip onion (Allium acunimatum) and harvest brodiaea (Brodiaea coronaria). It seems counterintuitive to have a desert just above the beach, but Ebey’s Landing is in the Olympic rain shadow. Weather data for Coupeville shows about 20 inches of rainfall annually and the soils on the bluff at Ebey are sandy and well-drained.